reported speech

Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense by moving the reported verb one step back into the past when necessary.

1. I'm working in Dallas today. / He said he _____ (work) in Dallas that day.
2. I think he will win the election. / She said she _____ (think) he _____ (win) the election.
3. Anna lives in London. / Peter says Anna _____ (live) in London.
4. My father is going to visit us next week. / Frank said his father ______ (visit) them the following week.
5. They bought a brand new Mercedes! / She said they _____ (buy) a brand new Mercedes.
6. I have worked at the company since 1997. / She said she _____ (work) at the company since 1997.
7. They are watching TV at the moment. / She said they _____ (watch) TV at that moment.
8. Francis drives to work every day. / He said Francis _____ (drive) to work every day.
9. Alan thought about changing his job last year. / Alan said that he _____ (think) about changing his job the previous year.

1. Susan is flying to Chicago tomorrow. / Susan said she _____ (fly) to Chicago the next day.
2. George went to the hospital last night. / Peter said that George _____ (go) to the hospital the preceding night.
3. I enjoy playing golf on Saturdays. / Ken says that he _____ (enjoy) playing golf on Saturdays.
4. I will change jobs soon. / Jennifer told me she _____ (change) jobs soon.
5. Frank is getting married in July. / Anna tells me that Frank ______ (get married) in July.
6. October is the best month of the year. / The teacher says that October _____ (be) the best month of the year.
7. Sarah wants to buy a new house. / Jack told me that his sister ______ (want) to buy a new house.
8. They are working hard on the new project. / The boss told me that they _____ (work) hard on the new project.
9. We've lived here for ten years. / Frank told me that they _____ (live) there for ten years.
10. I take the subway to work every day. / Ken tells me he _____ (take) the subway to work every day.
11. Angela prepared lamb for dinner yesterday. / Peter told us that Angela ______ (prepare) lamb for dinner the day before.

Conditionals practice

Verb tenses general practice

verb tenses

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/tenses_table.pdf

Past or Present Perfect Tense – Simple form 

1. The weather _________________ (be) awful in the past few days.
 2. We _________________ (wash) the dishes. They’re clean now.
 3. _____________________________ (your course, start) yet?
 4. Emma _________________ (pack) her suitcase last night.
 5. They _________________ (close) the factory. – Really? When ______________________ (that happen) ? 
6. Shall we play tennis? We _________________ (not play) since we were children.
 7. The airplane _________________ (land) . The pilot is just getting out. 
8. Prices _________________ (go) up. Everything is more expensive this year.
 9. I’m tired. We _________________ (walk) 10 miles.
 10. The Queen _________________ (arrive) in an RAF helicopter last night. 

Write sentences from the words in the given tense.
 1. He – be – an interesting man (past simple)
 2. I – arrive – at 11. (going-to future)
 3. I – not do – that – if – I – be – you (conditional 1 and past simple) 
4. Many people – wear – dark clothes – night (present simple)
 5. He – discuss – the topic – for the last two weeks (present perfect progressive) 
6. They – just finish – homework (present perfect simple) 
7. She –get up- now? (present progressive) 
8. Prime Minster – speak – on TV – but - he – ill (conditional 2 and past perfect simple)
 9. When – he – come back –workers – already clean –pavement (past simple and past perfect simple) 
10. What –you – do - yesterday evening?(past progressive)  

Modals and practice

https://www.uv.mx/personal/damorales/files/2013/01/modals-ilovepdf-compressed.pdf

Correlative conj practice

https://www.education.com/exercise/correlative-conjunctions/

practice

1. There are problems with the children. There are problems with their parents.

2. He can make people laugh. He can make people cry.

3. She writes plays for television. She acts in movies.

4. I sent him many letters. I also tried to telephone him.

5. We visit our grandfather’s house in summer. We visit our grandfather’s house in winter.

Whether ...or / not only ...but also

Whether ...or   (if)

This conjunction is used to show two different options within a sentence and can be used both the manners of confirmation and  negation.

 Andrew wasn’t sure whether to go on holiday or stay at home.

Not only......but also

This correlative conjunction is similar to “both…and” and emphasizes that two items belong in a pair.

Not only did we get lost, but we also ran out of gas with no gas station in sight.

The TV show has not only good actors but also an incredibly written script.

Corr conjunctions practice

https://www.examenglish.com/grammar/b1_both_either_neither.htm

Correlative conjunctions

Both … and
Subjects connected by both … and take the a plural conjugation.
Both Sharon and her children live in Fresno.

Either … or
"one or the other, this or that, he or she, etc." Verb conjugation depends on the subject (singular or plural) closest to the conjugated verb.
Either Peter or the girls need to attend the course. (second subject 'the girls' plural)
Either Jane or Matt is going to visit next weekend. (second subject 'Matt' singular)

Neither … nor

Neither … nor is used in sentences in a negative sense meaning "not this one nor the other, not this nor that, not he nor she, etc.".

Verb conjugation depends on the subject (singular or plural) closest to the conjugated verb.

Neither Frank nor Lilly lives in Eugene. (second subject 'Lilly' singular)
Neither Axel nor my other friends care about their future. (second subject 'other friends' plural)

______________________________________________

The forms both ... and, and either ... or can also be used as objects of verbs . In this case, there is no need to conjugate verbs.

I'm going to have both steak and eggs for breakfast.
They moved to either Seattle or Chicago. I can't remember which.
I enjoy both golf and tennis. 

Modals

passive voice 2

Passive voice

Complete these sentences with the verbs in brackets.

. German ........................................... in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. (speak) 
In most countries cigarettes ............................................ to anyone under 18. (not sell) 
Two films ............................................. at the cinema at the moment. (show) 
Every year millions of people ................................................. for cancer. (treat) 
Don't switch off the computer. New updates ....................................................... . (install) 
GPS: Wait a moment. Your new route ............................................................. . (calculate) 
It ........................................................ to take photos inside. (forbid) 
Your room will be available at 10 o'clock. It ................................................... now. (tidy) 
Look at the car in front of us. It ..................................................... by the police. (stop)
 Bangladesh .................................. to be facing the worst floods in over 100 years. (think)
Look. They haven't changed anything in this room. Look. Nothing .............................................................................................................................. I realized that they had misunderstood my idea. I realized that my idea .................................................................................................................. Nobody informed me that the director had postponed the meeting. Nobody informed me that the ...................................................................................................... Listen. McDonald's have offered you the job. Listen. ........................................................................................................................................... My partners accepted my proposal after they had considered it carefully. My partners accepted my proposal after ...................................................................... carefully. I left the restaurant because nobody had served me for half an hour.
 Interviewer: Your new Smartphone Z ............................................ now. (sell) Does it bring any new features? Steve Hobs: Yes, it does.
 Smartphone Z .......................................... last week (launch) with all the revolutionary features which ............................................... (develop) for the previous Smarthone Y. And two new funcionalities .................................. ....................... now to generation Z. (add) 
Interviewer: Could you give us more details? Steve Hobs: There is no home button in Smartphone Z. The home screen ................................ (access) by tapping on the screen. 
Interviewer: And the second funcionality? Steve Hobs: Unlocking the device ................................. (done) with a new voice recognition system. It means that your phone can recognize your voice and it unlocks if you ask it to do so. 
Interviewer: It is something like the facial recognition system in other phones. 
Steve Hobs: Exactly. But the voice recognition system .............................................................. (design) for Smartphone Z because your voice, unlike your face, never changes.
 Interviewer: Are you planning any other revolutionary features for the next generation of your smartphones? Steve Hobs: Next year we want to release a phone which, apart from other functions, ............................................ (use) as a microwave oven. 
Interviewer: Pardon?

Verb tenses

https://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/mixed-verb-tenses1.html#

Unless...

https://www.englishgrammar.org/long-2/

Practice on conditionals

Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of the first conditional. Use the verbs in

brackets.

a) If I.................... (study) hard, I......................... (pass) this year's exam.

b) If the weather........................ (be) fine, we........................ (go) on a picnic.

c) If I............................ (travel) to Paris, I........................... (visit) the Eiffel Tower.

d) If they.......................... (not invite) me to their birthday party, I......................... (not

go).

e) If he.............................. (get) my email, he............................... (send) us the

information we need.

f) If she.............................. (travel) to London, she........................ (visit) the museums.

g) If I....................... (get) the money, I................................ (buy) a mobile phone.

h) If I......................... (have) enough time this evening, I......................... (watch) a movie.

 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the second conditional.

Jack is daydreaming about winning the next lottery jackpot. Here is what he is saying:

a) If I........................ (win) the lottery, I.....................(be) a millionaire.

b) If I......................... (be) rich , I........................(quit) my job.

c) I............................ (buy) anything I want if I..................... (get) that jackpot.

d) I............................ (buy) the most expensive car if I............................(want).

Complete the following sentences with the third conditional.

a) If you.................................... (work) hard, you.............................. (pass) the exam.

b) If they........................... (take) him to hospital earlier, he................................. (not die).

c) I.................................. (send) you the document if you....................................... (give)

me your email address.

d) He.............................. (not miss) the bus if he................................ (wake up) earlier.

e) If I............................... (know) you were coming, I...................................... (prepare) a

delicious meal.

f) If you......................... (not be) late, you.............................. (catch) the six o'clock train.

g) If the weather .................................. (be) better last weekend, we..............................

(go) to the beach.

h) If you............................ (come) to the meeting yesterday, you............................. (met)

Jane.

4) Complete these conditional sentences with a suitable form. Use conditional

types 0, 1, 3 and 3, and write next to each sentence which type of conditional is.

a) If I were you, ..................................... (marry) him.

b) If I had known, I............................... (lend) you my car.

c) .............................. (call) me if you are free?

d) Would you buy this car if you................................ (have) enough money?

e) I................................... (watch) the match if I have enough time.

f) If you............................ (turn) the tap, water pours.

g) If I get there on time, I............................ (call) you .

h) If you had worked hard, you............................. (be) promoted.

Reported speech 2

Multiple choice test (indirect speech)

1. "Who took my English book?"

He was curious to know who...

a. took my English

b. had taken his English book.

c. takes his English book.

d. has taken my English book.

2. "Where does Helen live?"

Jim wants to know where...

a. Helen lived

b. Helen lives

c. Helen had lived

d. does Helen live?

3. "Why do volcanoes erupt?"

She wondered why...

a. volcanoes erupt

b. volcanoes had erupted

c. volcanoes erupted

d. did volcanoes erupt?

4. "Do you know why she is so

unhappy?"

He asked me if ..... so unhappy

a. I know why she is

b. you know why she was

c. did I know why she was

d. I knew why she was.

5. "How many photos have you got?"

He wants to know how many....

a. photos I had got

b. photos you have got

c. photos had I got?d. photos I have got

Reported speech

Review

• https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/passive-write-1
• https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/passive-write-2
• http://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/3g22-passive-present-exercise.php
• https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?02
• https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?04
• https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?05
• https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?09

Practice

Test creado con GoConqr por maria pesce

Unless, provided, ad long as, in case

unless

Unless means only if not. We use it when we say that if something does not happen,

something else will happen.

Unless we deal with the global warming problem, average temperatures will rise.

provided, as fong as + present simple

Provided and as long as mean only if.

Provided / as long as we reduce energy consumption, we can slow down global warming.

in case + present simple

This describes a possible situation we want to be prepared for.

Takean umbrella in case it rains.

Future practice

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=6672

Future tenses

Verb tenses

http://englishme109.blogspot.com.ar/2017/11/simple-past-and-present-perfect.html

apology letter

E7A96
http://www.classroomclipboard.com/742306/Home/Test/023EC115BE414C8FA0AC11D168979B45

Practice reported speech and conditionals

Mike: "What are you doing here, Liz? I haven't seen you since June."
Liz: "I've just come back from my holiday in Ireland."
Mike: "Did you enjoy it?"
Liz: "I love Ireland. And the Irish people were so friendly."
Mike: "Did you go to the Wicklow Mountains?"
Liz: "It was my first trip. I can show you some pictures. Are you doing anything tomorrow?"
Mike: "I must arrange a couple of things. But I am free tonight."
Liz: "You might come to my place. What time shall we meet?"
Mike: "I'll be there at eight. Is it all right?"

Mike asked Liz  . And he said  .

Liz explained that  .

Mike wondered  .

Liz told him that  and that  .

Mike wanted to know  .

Liz said that  and that she  .

And then she asked him if  .

Mike explained that  .

But he added that  .

Liz suggested that  and asked him  .

Mike said  .

And then he asked  .

More practice -conditionals

I don't know his address. I can't contact him. But if I  his address, I  him.

He was ill. He couldn't go skiing. But if he  ill, he  skiing.

He didn't buy any tomatoes. I couldn't make a salad. But if he  some tomatoes, I  a salad.

We haven't enough room in our house. You can't stay with us. But if we  enough room, you  with us.

You were not lucky. You didn't win. But if you  lucky, you  .

I am eighteen. I can vote. But if  eighteen, I  .

Practice on prepositions

Practice passive voice

Practice simple past and participles

https://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs5.htm

Conditionals practice

http://www.eslgamesworld.com/members/games/grammar/fling%20the%20teacher/conditionals/conditionals%20practice.html

past simple and present perfect

https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/Present_perfect_or_past_simple/past_simple_presenr_perfect_un2531og

Irregular verbs practice

https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/Irregular_verbs/Past_Simple_Tense_-_Worksheet_jc1437it

Prepositions practice 2

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/quizzes/preposition_quiz1.htm

Practice on prepositions

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/structures/prepositions_place_time.htm

Prepositions

Practice on reported speech

-We will look into this matter.

-I have investigated your complaint in detail.

-I demand to see the person in charge immediately.

-Have you got a moment?

-I will see if can sort it out.

-Are you supposed to be in charge here?

-I'd just taken same details.

Apology letter exercise

Time expressions

Sometimes when we change direct speech into reported speech we have to change time expressions too. We don't always have to do this, however. It depends on when we heard the direct speech and when we say the reported speech.

For example:

It's Monday. Julie says "I'm leaving today".

If I tell someone on Monday, I say "Julie said she was leaving today".
If I tell someone on Tuesday, I say "Julie said she was leaving yesterday".
If I tell someone on Wednesday, I say "Julie said she was leaving on Monday".
If I tell someone a month later, I say "Julie said she was leaving that day".

So, there's no easy conversion. You really have to think about when the direct speech was said.

Here's a table of some possible conversions:

now	then / at that time
today	yesterday / that day / Tuesday / the 27th of June
yesterday	the day before yesterday / the day before / Wednesday / the 5th of December
last night	the night before, Thursday night
last week	the week before / the previous week
tomorrow	today / the next day / the following day / Friday

Reported orders

when someone tells you very directly to do something. For example:

• Direct speech: Sit down!

In fact, we make this into reported speech in the same way as a request. We just use 'tell' instead of 'ask':

• Reported speech: She told me to sit down.

Direct Order	Reported Order
Go to bed!	He told the child to go to bed.
Don't worry!	He told her not to worry.
Be on time!	He told me to be on time.
Don't smoke!	He told us not to smoke.

Reported requests

What if someone asks you to do something (in a polite way)? For example:

• Direct speech: Close the window, please
• Or: Could you close the window please?
• Or: Would you mind closing the window please?

All of these requests mean the same thing, so we don't need to report every word when we tell another person about it. We simply use 'ask me + to + infinitive':

• Reported speech: She asked me to close the window.

Here are a few more examples: 

Direct Request	Reported Request
Please help me.	She asked me to help her.
Please don't smoke.	She asked me not to smoke.
Could you bring my book tonight?	She asked me to bring her book that night.
Could you pass the milk, please?	She asked me to pass the milk.
Would you mind coming early tomorrow?	She asked me to come early the next day.

To report a negative request, use 'not':

• Direct speech: Please don't be late.
• Reported speech: She asked us not to be late.

reported questions

• Direct speech: Where do you live?

How can we make the reported speech here?

In fact, it's not so different from reported statements. The tense changes are the same, and we keep the question word. The very important thing though is that, once we tell the question to someone else, it isn't a question any more. So we need to change the grammar to a normal positive sentence. A bit confusing? Maybe this example will help:

• Direct speech: Where do you live?
• Reported speech: She asked me where I lived.

The direct question is in the present simple tense. We make a present simple question with 'do' or 'does' so I need to take that away. Then I need to change the verb to the past simple. 

Another example:

• Direct speech: Where is Julie?
• Reported speech: She asked me where Julie was.

The direct question is the present simple of 'be'. We make the question form of the present simple of be by inverting (changing the position of)the subject and verb. So, we need to change them back before putting the verb into the past simple.

Here are some more examples:

Direct Question	Reported Question
Where is the Post Office, please?	She asked me where the Post Office was.
What are you doing?	She asked me what I was doing.
Who was that fantastic man?	She asked me who that fantastic man had been.

So much for 'wh' questions. But, what if you need to report a 'yes / no' question? We don't have any question words to help us. Instead, we use 'if':

• Direct speech: Do you like chocolate?
• Reported speech: She asked me if I liked chocolate.